Ethiopia

-1000: Founding in Aksum of the Kingdom of Ethiopia by Menelik I, traditionally held as the son of Solomon, King of Israel, and of the Queen of Sheba. 1889: Advent of King Menelik II, who consolidates the Empire. March 1, 1896: The Italians are defeated at Adowa. Independence preserved. 1936: Italian occupation. May 20, 1941: Freed from Italy by the Allied forces (British and French).